German neurolinguist, born 1851, died 1935.Wilbrand studied in giessen and Strasbourg and received his doctorate in 1875.In 1905 he became director of ophthalmology at agmeny hospital and in 1919 he was appointed professor of ophthalmology.Then he retired.Wilbrand devoted his life to the study of visual physiology and pathology, especially visual pathways and cortical representations and projections.He showed homomorphic hemianopia caused by damage to optical radiation, the occipital cortex, and the optic nerve tract, and discredited the old German physiologist Friedrich Leopold Goltz (1834-1902) theory that the visual center was located under the cortex. Wilbrand's knee: a group of crossed lower quadrant outer ganglion cells with axons extending forward into the posterior optic nerve.It is considered to be the anatomic basis for contralateral superior quadrant visual field defects found in posterior optic neuropathy.